Keycloak是一个完整的开源身份和访问管理解决方案，它提供了一组统一的API，可用于管理身份验证、授权和保护应用和服务。
本文将详细介绍如何配置Keycloak以及如何使用其API进行身份验证、授权等操作。
在使用Keycloak进行身份验证时，重定向URI和回调URL设置是至关重要的。
要使用Keycloak API进行身份验证和授权，您需要先获取AccessToken。
public String getAccessToken(String username, String password, String clientId, String clientSecret, String realmName) {
try (CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault()) {
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(String.format("http://localhost:8080/auth/realms/%s/protocol/openid-connect/token", realmName));
List<NameValuePair> urlParameters = new ArrayList<>();
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("grant_type", "password"));
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("client_id", clientId));
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("client_secret", clientSecret));
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("username", username));
urlParameters.add(new BasicNameValuePair("password", password));
post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(urlParameters));
try (CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(post)) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String responseJson = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
JSONObject jsonObject = new JSONObject(responseJson);
return jsonObject.getString("access_token");
}
} catch (IOException | JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
Keycloak可以使用Token保护API，并只允许授权用户访问API。
public String callProtectedAPI(String accessToken, String url) {
HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url);
request.addHeader("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken);
try (CloseableHttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();
CloseableHttpResponse response = client.execute(request)) {
HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();
String responseJson = EntityUtils.toString(entity);
return responseJson;
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
以下示例演示如何使用Java中的Keycloak API验证用户凭证并从Keycloak受保护的API中检索数据。
public class KeycloakDemo {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String realmName = "demo";
String username = "user1";
String password = "password";
String clientId = "demo-app";
String clientSecret = "67a1d773-7e7d-47aa-bc19-785751e23fdc";
String apiEndpoint = "http://localhost:8081/api/endpoint";
KeycloakDemo demo = new KeycloakDemo();
String accessToken = demo.getAccessToken(username, password, clientId, clientSecret, realmName);
String apiResponse = demo.callProtectedAPI(accessToken, apiEndpoint);
System.out.println(apiResponse);
}
public String getAccessToken(String username, String password, String clientId, String clientSecret, String realmName) {
// Implement getAccessToken method from above
}
public String callProtectedAPI(String accessToken, String url) {
// Implement callProtectedAPI method from above
}
}
以下示例演示如何使用JavaScript中的Keycloak API验证用户凭证并从Keycloak受保护的API中检索数据。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Keycloak demo</title>
<script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/keycloak-js@15.0.2/dist/keycloak.js"></script>
<script>
const kcConfig = {
url: 'http://localhost:8080/auth',
realm: 'demo',
clientId: 'demo-app'
};
const keycloak = Keycloak(kcConfig);
keycloak.init({onLoad: 'login-required'}).then(authenticated => {
if (authenticated) {
const token = keycloak.token;
const apiEndpoint = 'http://localhost:8081/api/endpoint';
fetch(apiEndpoint, {
headers: {
'Authorization': 'Bearer ' + token
}
})
.then(response => response.json())
.then(data => console.log(data));
}
});
</script>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
本文介绍了如何在Keycloak中创建Realm、客户端和用户，以及如何配置回调URL和重定向URI以进行身份验证。还演示了如何使用Java和JavaScript中的Keycloak API进行身份验证和调用Keycloak保护的API。
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