本文介绍了基于Spring、Hibernate和JQuery技术栈来开发电子相册的完整攻略。电子相册是一种可以在Web端展示相片的应用程序。
新建一个Maven项目并从Maven中央仓库中下载所需的依赖。在Maven的pom.xml文件中加入以下配置：
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>${spring.data.jpa}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>${javax.servlet.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-over-slf4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
<artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId>
<version>${hibernate.validator.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.security</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-security-config</artifactId>
<version>${spring.security.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
<version>${jackson.version}</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
在MySQL中创建一个名为photo_album的数据库，并添加以下数据表：
其中，album表包含相册的名称、创建者等信息。photo表则包含相片的URL、描述等信息。sequence表是一个自动递增的序列表，用于生成ID值。
在src/main/resources目录下创建hibernate.properties配置文件，并添加以下内容：
hibernate.connection.driver_class=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
hibernate.connection.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost/photo_album?useSSL=false&serverTimezone=GMT
hibernate.connection.username=root
hibernate.connection.password=123456
hibernate.dialect=org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL5Dialect
hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto=create
hibernate.show_sql=true
hibernate.format_sql=true
hibernate.use_sql_comments=true
新建Album、Photo和Sequence实体类，并为其添加Getter和Setter方法。这些实体类与数据库中的表对应。
在src/main/resources目录下创建spring-context.xml文件，并添加以下内容：
<context:component-scan base-package="com.xiao.album"/>
<bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">
<property name="persistenceXmlLocation" value="classpath:META-INF/persistence.xml"/>
<property name="persistenceUnitName" value="mysql"/>
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<property name="jpaVendorAdapter">
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter">
<property name="showSql" value="true"/>
<property name="generateDdl" value="true"/>
<property name="database" value="MYSQL"/>
</bean>
</property>
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
</bean>
<tx:annotation-driven/>
<bean class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.support.PersistenceAnnotationBeanPostProcessor"/>
<bean id="sequenceDao" class="com.xiao.album.dao.SequenceDaoImpl"/>
<bean id="photoDao" class="com.xiao.album.dao.PhotoDaoImpl">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
<bean id="albumDao" class="com.xiao.album.dao.AlbumDaoImpl">
<property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/>
</bean>
在src/main/java目录下创建一个名为com.xiao.album.controller的包，新建IndexServlet和UploadServlet两个Servlet。
IndexServlet用于显示电子相册的界面，UploadServlet用于上传相片。
并在web.xml文件中添加以下内容：
<web-app>
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>indexServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.xiao.album.controller.IndexServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>uploadServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.xiao.album.controller.UploadServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>indexServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/index</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>uploadServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/upload</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
基于JQuery和Bootstrap来开发Web应用程序的前端UI。
示例1：添加相册
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<title>Photo Album</title>
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"
integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u"
crossorigin="anonymous"/>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Create a New Album</h1>
<form action="/album/create" method="post">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="albumName">Album Name</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="albumName" id="albumName" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="description">Description (Optional)</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" name="description" id="description"></textarea>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Create</button>
</form>
</div>
<script
src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"
integrity="sha384-DfXdz2htPH0lsSSs5nCTpuj/zy4C+OGpamoFVy38MVBnE+IbbVYUew+OrCXaRkfj"
crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</body>
</html>
示例2：上传照片
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8"/>
<title>Photo Album</title>
<link rel="stylesheet"
href="https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.7/css/bootstrap.min.css"
integrity="sha384-BVYiiSIFeK1dGmJRAkycuHAHRg32OmUcww7on3RYdg4Va+PmSTsz/K68vbdEjh4u"
crossorigin="anonymous"/>
</head>
<body>
<div class="container">
<h1>Upload a Photo</h1>
<form action="/photo/upload" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data">
<div class="form-group">
<label for="albumId">Album ID</label>
<input type="text" class="form-control" name="albumId" id="albumId" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="photoFile">Photo File</label>
<input type="file" name="photoFile" id="photoFile" accept=".jpg,.png,.bmp" required/>
</div>
<div class="form-group">
<label for="description">Description (Optional)</label>
<textarea class="form-control" rows="3" name="description" id="description"></textarea>
</div>
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Upload</button>
</form>
</div>
<script
src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"
integrity="sha384-DfXdz2htPH0lsSSs5nCTpuj/zy4C+OGpamoFVy38MVBnE+IbbVYUew+OrCXaRkfj"
crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
</body>
</html>
本文介绍了基于Spring、Hibernate和JQuery技术栈来开发电子相册的完整攻略。其中，包括创建Maven项目、创建数据库、配置Hibernate、创建实体类、创建DAO接口和实现类、配置Spring、创建Servlet和创建前端UI。通过以上步骤，我们可以快速开发出一个可用性较高的电子相册应用程序。
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