db.collection_name.aggregate(aggregate_operation)
【示例】假设集合“course”中有如下数据:> db.course.find().pretty() { "_id" : ObjectId("60331a7eee79704753940391"), "title" : "HTML教程", "author" : "编程帮", "url" : "http://www.biancheng.com/html/index.html" } { "_id" : ObjectId("60331a7eee79704753940392"), "title" : "C#教程", "author" : "编程帮", "url" : "http://www.biancheng.com/csharp/index.html" } { "_id" : ObjectId("60331a7eee79704753940393"), "title" : "MongoDB教程", "author" : "编程帮", "url" : "http://www.biancheng.com/mongodb/index.html" }若要统计每个作者“author”一共编写了多少教程,可以使用下面的 aggregate() 方法:
> db.course.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", sum : {$sum : 1}}}]) { "_id" : "编程帮", "sum" : 3 }上述示例类似于 SQL 语句中的
SELECT author, count(*) FROM course GROUP BY author
。表达式 | 描述 | 实例 |
---|---|---|
$sum | 计算总和 | db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", num_tutorial : {$sum : "$likes"}}}]) |
$avg | 计算平均值 | db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", num_tutorial : {$avg : "$likes"}}}]) |
$min | 获取集合中所有文档对应值得最小值 | db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", num_tutorial : {$min : "$likes"}}}]) |
$max | 获取集合中所有文档对应值得最大值 | db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", num_tutorial : {$max : "$likes"}}}]) |
$push | 在结果文档中插入值到一个数组中 | db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", url : {$push: "$url"}}}]) |
$addToSet | 在结果文档中插入值到一个数组中,但不创建副本 | db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", url : {$addToSet : "$url"}}}]) |
$first | 根据资源文档的排序获取第一个文档数据 | db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", first_url : {$first : "$url"}}}]) |
$last | 根据资源文档的排序获取最后一个文档数据 | db.mycol.aggregate([{$group : {_id : "$author", last_url : {$last : "$url"}}}]) |
> db.course.aggregate({$project:{title:1, author:1}}).pretty() { "_id" : ObjectId("60331a7eee79704753940391"), "title" : "HTML教程", "author" : "编程帮" } { "_id" : ObjectId("60331a7eee79704753940392"), "title" : "C#教程", "author" : "编程帮" } { "_id" : ObjectId("60331a7eee79704753940393"), "title" : "MongoDB教程", "author" : "编程帮" }通过运行结果可以看出,文档中的 _id 字段默认是选中的,如果不想显示 _id 字段的话,可以像下面这样:
> db.course.aggregate({$project:{_id:0, title:1, author:1}}).pretty() { "title" : "HTML教程", "author" : "编程帮" } { "title" : "C#教程", "author" : "编程帮" } { "title" : "MongoDB教程", "author" : "编程帮" }
> db.course.aggregate({$skip:2}).pretty() { "_id" : ObjectId("60331a7eee79704753940393"), "title" : "MongoDB教程", "author" : "编程帮", "url" : "http://www.biancheng.com/mongodb/index.html" }
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