void doubleValue(int *val) { *val *= 2; }这个函数的目的是使 val 指向的变量翻倍。当 val 被解引用时,
*=
运算符对 val 指向的变量起作用。该语句可以将地址存储在 val 中的原始变量乘以 2。当然,当调用该函数时,必须使用被翻倍的变量地址作为实参,而不是变量本身作为实参。doubleValue(&number);
该语句使用了地址运算符(&)将 number 的地址传递到 val 形参中。函数执行后,number 的内容将被乘以 2。下面的程序演示了该函数的用法://This program uses two functions that accept addresses of variables as arguments. #include <iostream> using namespace std; //Function prototypes void getNumber(int *); void doubleValue(int *); int main() { int number; //Call getNumber and pass the address of number getNumber(&number); // Call doubleValue and pass the address of number doubleValue(&number); // Display the value in number cout << "That value doubled is " << number << endl; return 0; } void getNumber(int *input) { cout << "Enter an integer number: "; cin >> *input; } void doubleValue(int *val) { *val *= 2; }程序输出结果:
Enter an integer number: 10
That value doubled is 20
void getNumber(int *);
void doubleValue(int *);
cin >> *input;
间接运算符会使用户输入的值存储在 input 指向的变量中,而不是 input 中。//This program demonstrates that a pointer may be used as a parameter to accept the address of an array. Either subscript or pointer notation may be used. #include <iostream> #include <iomanip> using namespace std; // Function prototypes void getSales(double *sales, int size); double totalSales(double *sales, int size); int main() { const int QUARTERS = 4; double sales[QUARTERS]; getSales(sales, QUARTERS); cout << setprecision(2); cout << fixed << showpoint; cout << "The total sales for the year are $"; cout << totalSales(sales, QUARTERS) << endl; return 0; } void getSales(double *array, int size) { for (int count = 0; count < size; count++) { cout << "Enter the sales figure for quarter "; cout << (count + 1) << ": "; cin >> array[count]; } } double totalSales(double *array, int size) { double sum = 0.0; for (int count = 0; count < size; count++) { sum += *array; array++; } return sum; }程序输出结果:
Enter the sales figure for quarter 1: 10263.98
Enter the sales figure for quarter 2: 12369.69
Enter the sales figure for quarter 3: 11542.13
Enter the sales figure for quarter 4: 14792.06
The total sales for the year are $48967.86
cin >> array[count];
在 totalSales 函数中,array 还可以与以下语句中的间接运算符一起使用:sum += *array;
而在接下来的语句中,array 中的地址则可以递增,以使指向下一个元素:array++;
上面介绍的两个语句也可以合并成以下语句:sum += *array++;
* 运算符将首先解引用 array,然后++
运算符将使得 array 中的地址递增。本文链接:http://task.lmcjl.com/news/5965.html