本文将针对如何使用 Spring MVC 框架搭配 MyBatis 框架展开讲解，包括环境搭建、配置，以及搭建一个简单的增删改查示例。
为了使用 Spring MVC 搭配 MyBatis 框架，我们需要先完成以下环境的搭建：
在 Maven 的 pom.xml 文件中加入以下依赖：
<!-- Spring MVC -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MyBatis -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.6</version>
</dependency>
<!-- MySQL Connector -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.23</version>
</dependency>
在 Spring MVC 的 applicationContext.xml 文件中加入以下配置：
<!-- 数据库连接配置 -->
<bean id="dataSource"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver" />
<property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis_demo?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf8&serverTimezone=UTC" />
<property name="username" value="root" />
<property name="password" value="123456" />
</bean>
<!-- MyBatis 配置，包括数据库连接和 mapper 配置 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory"
class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml" />
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath*:com/example/mapper/*.xml" />
</bean>
<!-- MyBatis Mapper 自动扫描 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="com.example.mapper" />
</bean>
<!-- 注册 Controller 类 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.example.controller" />
在 MyBatis 的 mybatis-config.xml 文件中加入以下配置：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd" >
<configuration>
<!-- 使用注解方式进行 Mapper 映射 -->
<settings>
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true" />
<setting name="logImpl" value="LOG4J2"/>
</settings>
<!-- Mapper 文件自动扫描 -->
<mappers>
<mapper class="com.example.mapper.UserMapper" />
</mappers>
</configuration>
以下是一个简单的示例，实现增删改查功能：
package com.example.mapper;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Delete;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Insert;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Update;
import com.example.dto.User;
public interface UserMapper {
@Select("SELECT * FROM user")
List<User> getUsers();
@Select("SELECT * FROM user WHERE id = #{id}")
User getUserById(int id);
@Insert("INSERT INTO user (name, age) VALUES (#{name}, #{age})")
void addUser(User user);
@Update("UPDATE user SET name=#{name}, age=#{age} WHERE id=#{id}")
void updateUser(User user);
@Delete("DELETE FROM user WHERE id = #{id}")
void deleteUser(int id);
}
package com.example.controller;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.ModelMap;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PostMapping;
import com.example.dto.User;
import com.example.mapper.UserMapper;
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@GetMapping("/user/all")
public String getUsers(ModelMap modelMap) {
List<User> users = userMapper.getUsers();
modelMap.addAttribute("users", users);
return "user_list";
}
@GetMapping("/user/add")
public String addUserView() {
return "user_add";
}
@PostMapping("/user/add")
public String addUser(User user) {
userMapper.addUser(user);
return "redirect:/user/all";
}
@GetMapping("/user/edit/{id}")
public String editUserView(@PathVariable("id") int id, ModelMap modelMap) {
User user = userMapper.getUserById(id);
modelMap.addAttribute("user", user);
return "user_edit";
}
@PostMapping("/user/edit")
public String editUser(User user) {
userMapper.updateUser(user);
return "redirect:/user/all";
}
@GetMapping("/user/delete/{id}")
public String deleteUser(@PathVariable("id") int id) {
userMapper.deleteUser(id);
return "redirect:/user/all";
}
}
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>User List</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>User List</h1>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/add">Add User</a>
<table>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Age</th>
<th>Operation</th>
</tr>
<c:forEach var="user" items="${users}">
<tr>
<td>${user.id}</td>
<td>${user.name}</td>
<td>${user.age}</td>
<td>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/edit/${user.id}">Edit</a>
<a href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/delete/${user.id}">Delete</a>
</td>
</tr>
</c:forEach>
</table>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Add User</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Add User</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/add" method="post">
<table>
<tr>
<td>Name:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Age:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Add" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Edit User</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Edit User</h1>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/user/edit" method="post">
<table>
<input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id}" />
<tr>
<td>Name:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="name" value="${user.name}" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Age:</td>
<td><input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age}" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><input type="submit" value="Save" /></td>
</tr>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
通过上述的配置和示例，你已经了解了如何使用 Spring MVC 搭配 MyBatis 框架。当然，这里只是简单的示例，实际生产环境中可能会更加复杂。但通过这个例子的理解，你应该理解了整个框架的基本原理。
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